You need to make sure that you are ready to tackle the following questions
1. What is postmodernism?
2. What makes a text postmodern?
3. What is controversial about postmodernism? Is postmodernism useful in any way?
4. What is the relationship between postmodernism and modernism?What’s new about postmodernism?
5. What does postmodernism say about representation and reality?
6. In what ways is the audience-text relationship different in postmodern texts?
Remember, the exam board want to see:
a) some recent postmodern texts
b) a sense of the past, present and future of postmodernism
a) some recent postmodern texts
b) a sense of the past, present and future of postmodernism
POSTMODERN TERMS:
Intertextuality: involves references to other texts within a media text.
Generic hybridity: A hybrid/mixture of genres to make a collective genre/style of music, film or other media text.
Self-reflexivity: This is where a text knows its a text and draws attention to its structure and production to the audience. In doing so inverts its self reflecting on its own reality rather than an outside one.
Pastiche: tongue in cheek: imitating
Parody: this particular term is used described media texts which imitate work to mock, comment on for comic effect, mocking or ridicule.
Recycling: Jameson proposed that nothings original as everything is constantly being regurgitated and recycled to try and create something ‘new’.
Hyper reality: Proposed by the philosopher Jean Baudrillard, hyperreality is shift from texts that reflect an external reality to reflecting one in which reality is false or exaggerated.
Simulacra / simulation:
Dystopian futures: Narratives become dystopian or negative, downbeat. Often the ‘bad’ guys win or everyone dies. Often these texts suggest a lack of hope for the future.
Metanarratives:
Prosumers: The collaboration of producers and consumers. Producing AND consuming media texts.
Active Audiences: Audiences today are alot more active in media texts and are able to manipulate/choose the outcome of the media texts. For example, voting for the ending of a programme or voting on the x-factor to be ‘in control of who wins and who looses’
Blurring Boundaries:
Dislocation between time and space:
Disjointed narrative structures: often manage only a play with multiple, or heavily ironic, perhaps ‘unfinished’ or even parodic endings.
Hybridity/Bricolage: Attempting to create something new by merging two existing objects together. Bricolage is about what use you put something to. Hybridity is about where something comes from.
Nostalgia: There is no future so why not recycle the past? Using remakes and a glossy positive memory of the past to create distracting entertainment from contemporary times. (yearning from the past) Jameson – recycling as historicism
Irony: This involves a playfulness and scepticism about serious values.
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